BIOL 2410 Study Guide - Final Guide: Bone Resorption, Calci, Osteoid

• School: University of Manitoba
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOL 2410
• Professor: Elizabeth McLachlan

Document Summary

Tissue growth requires hormones and paracrines: gh and igfs are required for protein synthesis and cell division, hypertrophy (increase in cell size) vs. hyperplasia (increase in cell number, thyroid hormones play a permissive role (pg. Insulin stimulates protein synthesis and provides energy (glucose) Bone growth requires adequate dietary calcium: hydroxyapatite is the most common form of calcium phosphate. Bone growth is impacted by hormonal control of calcium homeostasis. Bones grow when matrix is deposited faster than it is reabsorbed: osteoblasts. Produce enzymes and osteoid revert to less active osteocytes: osteoclasts control resorption or breakdown on bone. Ca2+ is part of the intracellular cement that hold cells together at tight junctions. Ca2+ is a co factor in the coagulation cascade. Plasma ca2+ concentrations affect the excitability of neurons and all types of muscle: hypocalcemia vs. hypercalcemia. Total body calcium = intake output: total body ca2+ is distributed among three compartments, extracellular fluid.