BIO 3124 Study Guide - Final Guide: Bacillus Thuringiensis, Archaea, Carotene
6 Feb 2015
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Physical and chemical agents that produce mutations: used to create changes in microbes" genomes to change phenotypes, mutated genes alone can be isolated rather than the entire organism. Select for and culture cells with beneficial characteristics. Isolated from retroviruses: uses rna template to transcribe molecule of complimentary dna (cdna, mrna of eukaryotes has introns removed, allows cloning in prokaryotic cells. Easier to isolate mrna molecule for desired protein first: binds to host cell, release reverse transcriptase to make copy of cdna (complementary dna) of rival genome & incorporate into host cell or use host cell mechanism. Pool of mrna (because it has been processed already for gene) then use reverse transcriptase to get copy of the dna this way you can clone human genomes and use prokaryotes to see these genomes. Restriction enzymes: bacterial enzymes that cut dna molecules only at restriction sites, specific nucleotide sequences which are usually palindromes.
