PHI 1102 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Historical Determinism, Work Ethic, Proletariat
30 Sep 2016
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Fear & war play large roles in his contractarian thought- born prematurely with fear as his twin due to a threat of war. Temper appetites & referee conflicts to preserve civilization- cooperate- order & safety. Agreements must be enforced with harsh punishment to overcome violent egoism of human nature and force compliance with morality (limits individual freedoms- desires & restricts our behavior) Nature of man: purely materialist/physical account- no room for immaterial or non-physical beings (ex. angel/ghost/soul, humans are machines-like bodies of motion- heart is a spring, nerves are strings, joints are wheels giving motion. Life of man: solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, short o o. Endeavor: appetite & aversions motivate behavior- move close to desires and away from aversions. Egoists: act in their own self-interest- key to behavior- we want happiness for ourselves since this motivates us: felicity (happiness): desire to accumulate as much as possible of what we want o.
