MGAC70H3 Study Guide - Final Guide: Sales Force Management System, Data Warehouse, Online Transaction Processing
Document Summary
Within an organization, information flows in 4 basic directions: upward. Upward information flows describe the current state of the organization based on its daily transactions. Along the way, the information takes on a finer level of granularity. Information granularity refers to the extent of detail within the information. At lower organizational levels, information exhibits fine granularity because people need to work with information in great detail. At the upper organizational levels, information becomes coarser because it is summarized or aggregated in some way: downward. Strategies, goals, and directives that originate at a higher level are passed to lower levels in downward information flows. The upper level of an organization develops strategies; the middle levels of an organization convert those strategies into tactics; and the lower levels of an organization deal with the operational details: horizontal. Information flows horizontally between functional business units and work teams.