Microbiology and Immunology 2500A/B Midterm: Immunology Notes
17 May 2016
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Document Summary
The first line of defense against a pathogen: constantly ready to destroy a pathogen. Innate immunity is inherited from parents: born with the innate defense. Responds immediately to pathogen: the pathogen is usually eliminated before symptoms arise. Barriers: block pathogen entry into tissue, most barriers used are epithelial cells when activated, secrete antimicrobial enzymes that will break down the pathogen"s cell wall, physical barrier. May have cilia, keratin or produce mucous: microbiological barrier. May have microbiota to block entry: chemical barrier. Secrete anti-microbial enzymes that will kill the pathogen. Additional defense: mechanical flushing out sneezing, blinking, urine or coughing, chemical fatty acids in skin, enzymes (salvia, sweat, tears, microbiological producing antibacterial substances. Anti-microbial enzymes secreted by activate epithelial cells and act as natural antibiotics. If epithelial cells are permeated, innate cells and soluble molecules are activated. 4 classes of prrs: toll-like receptor membrane-bound and cytoplasmic-bound, rig-i-like receptor cytoplasmic-bound, nod-like receptor cytoplasmic-bound, c-type lectin receptor membrane-bound.
