Physiology 2130 Study Guide - Final Guide: Brainstem, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Shortness Of Breath
14 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Function of respiratory system: transport oxygen from air into blood, removal of carbon dioxide from blood to air, control of blood acidity (ph, temperature regulation, defence to airborne particles. Lungs in the thoracic cavity, surrounded by ribcage and diaphragm. Airways nasal cavity and mouth (join together at pharynx: pharynx leads into larynx (voice box) leading into trachea, trachea becomes 2 main bronchi, bronchi divide into smaller bronchioles, bronchioles divide into alveoli (for gas exchange) 2 thin pleural membranes: parietal pleura: lines and sticks to ribs, viceral pleura surrounds and sticks to lungs. Intrapleural space space between the membranes, containing small amount of pleural fluid (10-15ml: pleural fluid reduces friction between membranes during breathing, while breathing lungs recoil and collapse (because of elastin, ribs tend to spring outward. Atmospheric pressure: pressure outside body (760mmhg at sea level: alveolar and atmospheric pressure are the same between breaths. Intrapleural pressure drops (756mmhg) because chest wall and lungs move in opposite direction.
