Psychology 2035A/B Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Classical Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, Reinforcement
9 Mar 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Chapter 2: operant conditioning: behaviorists also think operant conditioning affects our personalities. Operant conditioning is learning in which voluntary responses are made based on their expected consequences: the key word(s) in this process: voluntary, intentional, etc. Operant conditioning occurs as we consciously act in a certain way based on what we have learned will happen as a result of this behaviour. For example, many students study hard because their past experiences have taught them that doing so yields a variety of rewards (e. g. , positive recognition from one"s parents or peers, scholarships, etc. ). Students often mix up negative reinforcement with punishment. Here are some exercises to help you; the answers are on the next page. Chapter 2: classical conditioning: as mentioned in your text, behaviorists traditionally view personality as a collection of response tendencies that are tied to various stimuli. Our personalities are shaped based on the positive and negative interactions we have with our environment.
