BIOL 2050- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 32 pages long!)

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Lecture 1: chapter 1 web of life. Landscape areas with substantial differences, typically incl. multiple ecosystems live: all living systems change over time (evolution, adaptation a characteristic that improves survival or reproduction (fitness, nat. Lecture 2: chapter 6 evolution and ecology (a) Individuals within a population differ in phenotype as a result of the different alleles they have (the differences in their genotype: the characteristics which are beneficial change as the environment changes. Only large beaked birds can crack the large seeds: stabilizing intermediate favored. The extremes stand out and are preyed upon: disruptive both extremes favored. Concept 6. 3 natural selection is the only mechanism that consistently causes adaptive evolution: adaptive evolution process in which traits that improve an orga(cid:374)is(cid:373)"s fit(cid:374)ess i(cid:374)(cid:272)reases i(cid:374) frequency, natural selection is the only mechanism which causes this^ Lecture 3: chapter 9 distribution and abundance of species (a) Lecture 5: chapter 15 mutualism and commensalism (positive interactions) (a)

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