BIO 100 Quiz: Biol_Writ_Exam1.pdf

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roseeel493

24 Feb 2015

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This table indicates the approximate percentage of students choosing each distractor. For each question, an outline answer (or answers) is provided. Each answer is broken into parts to give an indication of the allocation of marks shown on the paper. In some cases, the answer provided is not the only answer that could have been awarded marks. Endoplasmic reticulum or rough endoplasmic reticulum transport channel. aiv. Golgi complex or golgi apparatus modifies and packages material for transport from cell. av. Student responses that were precise were awarded full marks in this question. Responses for structure b such as lipid layer or phospholipid were not awarded marks. Sodium ions are pumped out of the cell against a concentration gradient and. This transport is active transport and hence requires energy. Most students recognised that there was a membrane separating the sodium in the plasma and the sodium within the cytosol of the cell.

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7- Human cells have a gene that codes for aspecific enzyme called E. Mouse cells do not carry the enzyme.Mouse-human hybrids are formed, and the following stable lines arestudied for the human chromosomes present and the presence orabsence of E:

	Hybrid Cell Lines
	1	2	3	4	5	6
Human Chromosome	21, 18, 16, 7, 5, 2	18, 16, 8 ,3	21, 18, 1	23 ,19, 17, 15, 11, 14	18, 6, 2, 9, 8, 3, 1	21, 5
E Activity	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No

Which human chromosome contains the gene forthe enzyme E?

crimsontrout571

For the following organisms tell if it is:

-Native or Exotic Species

-Opportunistic or equilibrium species or neither

1. Snake

2. Gecko

3. Lizard

4. Tiger Beetle

5. Long Horned Beetle

6. Caterpillar

7. Grey Horned Billow

8. Green Pigeon

9. Unspecified Bird

10. Monkey

11. Elephant

12. Giraffe

13. Human

14. Fruit Bat

15. Parasitic Wasp

16. Bandit Wasp

17. Nematode

18. Fruit Fly

19. Vinegar Fly

20. Ant

21. Hilda Bug Nymphs

22. Cicada

23. Bees

24. Spider

25. Fish

26. Crocodile

27. Catfish

28. Deer

â29. Green Prey Mantis

GENETICS QUESTION: For this experiment we focused on forward genetics: First, his- mutants were identified and then complementation analysis was used in order to determine which of the 7 his genes was mutated. ( The exact data can be seen at the bottom). In this experiment we screened for his- mutants that were generated via a random mutation process resulting from errors in DNA replication or induced by EMS aka Ethyl methanesulfonate. We compared a mutagenized culture that was treated with EMS and an un-mutagenized culture that was not treated with EMS. However, both cultures went trhough an enrichment process to increase the frequency of his- mutants.

Point mutations involve the substitution of one type of base pair for another. If the substitution replaces a purine with a purine (or a pyrimidine with a pyrimidine), it is called a transition. If the substitution replaces a purine with a pyrimidine (or a pyrimidine with a purine), it is called a transversion. Many mutagenic chemicals cause this type of mutation by alkylation of a nucleotide base. The chemically altered base can then be misread during replication or repair. For example the mutagen, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), adds an ethyl (-CH2-CH3) group to both guanine or thymine bases causing the modified guanine to pair with thymine and the modified thymine to pair with guanine.

1. Why might one gene be more susceptible to EMS mutagenesis than another gene?

2. Why might we have expected to find a higher frequency of polar mutants (his4A^-B^-C^-) in the unmutagenized culture compared to the mutagenized culture?

Table 2. Experiment 1B class data summary (number of his^-mutants by section) Unmutagenized
Section	1	2	3	*4ABC*	4A	4B	4C	5	6	7	*Total his^-* mutants**
Tuesday	7	1	5	4	2	1	9	2	3	1	35
Wednesday	2	1	14	0	4	2	2	4	8	2	39
Total	9	2	19	4	6	3	11	6	11	3	74
% each mutant	12.1	2.7	25.7	5.4	8.1	4.1	14.9	8.1	14.9	4.1	~100%

Mutagenized
Section	1	2	3	4ABC	4A	4B	4C	5	6	7	*Total his^-* mutants**
Tuesday	2	5	4	2	6	5	5	0	4	1	34
Wednesday	9	1	15	0	9	1	2	2	9	4	52
Total	11	6	19	2	15	6	7	2	13	5	86
% each mutant	12.8	7.0	22.1	2.3	17.4	7.0	8.1	2.3	15.1	5.8	~100%

BIO 100 Quiz: Biol_Writ_Exam1.pdf

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