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CHE 1302 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Polar Effect, Lewis Acids And Bases, Benzene

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greyduck910
20 Dec 2017
School
Baylor University
Department
Chemistry
Course
CHE 1302
Professor
Mc Grath

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Document Summary

H+ = proton; in solution they"re hydrated: h3o+, called hydronium ions. Strong acids/bases completely dissociate (ionize) in solution; weak acids/bases are in equilibrium between ionized and non-ionized forms. H3o+ + a and the equilibrium constant is ka = [h3o+][a ]/[ha] Bh+ + oh and the equilibrium constant is kb = [bh+][oh ]/[b] Weak acids/bases are stronger if ka or kb is larger the above equilibria lie further to the right also: as ha becomes stronger, the conjugate base a becomes weaker. There are six common strong acids: hcl, hbr, hi, hno3, h2so4, hclo4 ; assume all others are weak. (note: h2so4 strong in first ionization but weak in second ionization) the strong bases are moh (m = Li, na, k, rb, cs) and m(oh)2 (m = mg, ca, sr, ba) ; assume all others are weak. H3o+ + oh k for this equilibrium is the ionic product of h2o, known as.

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Related Questions

For conjugate acid-base pairs, how are Ka and Kb related?

Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water.

 

where  

a. Which two bases are competing for the proton?

b. Which is the stronger base?

c. In light of your answer to part b, why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2-) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer.

In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid.

To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1x106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acid properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a ______ base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a ______ acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a ______ base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a ______ acid. (Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)

For conjugate acid-base pairs, how are Ka and Kb related?

Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water:

CH3CO2H (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ CH3CO2− (aq) + H3O+ (aq)             where Ka = 1.8 × 10−5

  1. Which two bases are competing for the proton?
  2. Which is the stronger base?
  3. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2−) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer.
  4. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid.

 

To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1× 106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid.

Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in the water?

List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids.

To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. ( Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)