CHE 3331- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 43 pages long!)
Document Summary
Formal charge = # of v. electrons - # bonds - # of lone electrons. Steric # = # of pi bonds + # of lone pairs. Electronegativity increases as you go up and right. [ 1. 7+ ] sp hybridizations (check paper note) increase w/increase in molecular weight (due to more sa) and thus, more london dispersion forces. Stability of conjugate bases (have a negative charge) ario: atom bearing the charge more electronegative bigger the atom, resonance stabilization, induction, orbitals. The more stable a conjugate base = more acidic the hydrogen. Skill : assessing relative stability orbitals: draw conjugate base, analyze the orbitals that house the charges, select the most stable conjugate base. Substrate is an electrophile (the carbon) and is attacked by nuc. Possible mechanisms: nuc attack, loss of lg, proton transfer, rearrangements. Selecting reagents: analyze electrophile & stereochemistry, analyze leaving group, choose conditions. Alkene stability trans more substituents more stable more stable.
