PHIL2264 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Slippery Slope, Contraposition, Ad Hominem
26 Dec 2014
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Argument: a group of statements comprising one or more premises and one conclusion. Premises: the statements that set forth the reasons or evidence. Conclusion: the statement that is claimed to follow from the premise. -> (indicator words / an inferential relationship among the statements) -> (indicator words / an inferential relationship among the statements / typical kinds of nonarguments (warnings, reports, expository passages, etc. ) -> expository passages (is the topic sentence proved by the other statements?) -> illustrations (could the passage be an argument from example?) -> explanations (could the explanandum also be a conclusion?) Conditional statements express the relation between sufficient conditions and necessary conditions: -> a is a sufficient condition for b: the occurrence of a is all that is needed for b to occur. -> a is a necessary condition for b: a cannot occur without the occurrence of b. Arguments are traditionally divided into deductive and inductive:
