HIST 221 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Tencent Qq, City, Battle
HIST 221
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
1
Africa and Pacific
What’s something big people overlook?
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Final
I. Friday June 10 at 10:10am
II. Two essays written BEFORE exam
A. Handwrite collapse essay in bluebook
B. Type four evaluate essays in polylearn and print
1. What did person do well?
a. best sentence (s)he wrote
2. How could the person improve?
3. Criteria = your choice
4. How graded?
a. Summary = F
b. not explaining WHY good or bad = F
c. writing “it’s interesting” = F for being lazy
d. being helpful = A
III. Multiple choice not cumulative
IV. Feats of Proof
A. 1177 B.C., Fall of Rome, Chinese articles on polylearn
V. Bring
A. two pre-written essays
B. scantron, pencils, and cheatsheet (one-page, double-sided, handwritten)
VI. Office hrs: Monday 11-12:55
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Why no huge African empires?
I. Geography
A. fragments continent
B. north-south orientation
II. Domesticated animals
A. most came from Eurasia & arrived late
B. big African animals not domesticated
Why did Eurasia not conquer Sub-Sahara Africa?
I. Geography
II. White Man’s Graveyard (mosquito fevers)
A. Malaria
B. Yellow Fever
1. kills 30,000/yr today
C. European mortality in Africa
1. early 1800s: soldiers stationed in Africa died 500-700 per 1000 each yr
Why development?
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
2
I. contact, no empires
A. writing?
1. outsiders wrote most ancient African history
II. Size
A. ½ Eurasia
1. size
Eurasia 9000 miles
Africa 5000 miles
2. population
Eurasia 1997: 4b
Africa 1997: 700m
Bantu migration (ca. 2000 –1500 BC)
I. Before migration
A. Pygmies = C. Africa rainforests
B. Khoisans = S. Africa
II. How do we know migration happened? Linguistics! Holla!!
A. Niger-Congo mother lang (w. Africa)
B. Bantu = daughter lang of Niger-Congo family
C. Bantu split into 500 “granddaughter” langs
D. analogy
1. English spoken in Australia, N. America, England
2. theory: N. America colonized England & Australia
3. debunked b/c English daughter lang of Germanic lang family
III. Why important?
A. W. African immigrants expelled local culture. Bantu = dominant
1. pygmies & Khoisans engulfed
2. unknown whether conquered, interbred, diseased etc
3. 120 million blacks; 200,000 Pygmies
B. Iron spread throughout Africa
1. Bantu speakers in West Africa discovered iron smelting (ca 700 BC)
2. reached S. Africa (AD 200-1000)
3. iron farming states
East Africa
I. Nubia (2300-AD 350) (aka Kush, Meroe)
A. Where’s info from?
1. undecifered lang
2. outsiders & archaeology
B. resources
1. gold, copper
2. trade corridor b/w Egypt & tropical Africa
C. Egyptian trade missions (2300 BC)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
