CHE 110 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Critical Mass, Radiation Therapy, Chain Reaction
Important Things to Remember for Chem Test #5
• Objective 10:
o Covalent bonds have lower melting points than ionic bonds
o
• Objective 11:
• Objective 13:
• Objective 14:
o Oxidation Reduction Reaction: electrons are transferred/shared, change in
oxidation number for at least 2 elements
▪ Electricity: moving e- so it is an oxidation redox
o Zn (s) + FeO (aq) → ZnO + Fe (s)
o 3Cu+2Au (NO3)3 → 2Au (s) + 3Cu (NO3)2
o “iple ‘edo ‘eatios: the loe etal loses e- and gives them to the metal in
the compound (which now because a lone metal)
o Oxidation Number: pretend all compounds are ionic
o Oxidation: loss of e- =anode
o Reduction: gain of e- =cathode
o ‘eduig Aget: hats eig oidized full opoud
o Oidizig Aget: hats eig redued full opoud
o Electrolytic Cells: electricity to make a non-spontaneous reaction happen
▪ 2H2O → 2H2 + O2
o Eletrode: to piees ade of etal that redutio ot happe
o Anode: when generating electricity, oxidation happens here the anode loses
ass ad is eig heed aa
o Salt bridge is needed to keep the charge balance
▪ e- move from anode → cathode
▪ e- from salt bridge move from cathode → anode
• Objective 15:
o Radiation: transmission of energy (heat, light, etc.)
o Ionizing Radiation: high energy can cause atoms to ionize, free radicals are things
with unpaired e- that are very reactive
o Radioactivity: emission of radiation from an unstable nucleus (proton is too
high/low)
▪ Alpha partiles: ao alls, He uleus, 4 ass 2 at. uer He 2+
▪ Beta partiles: positros, ullets eutro oerted to a proton or the
reverse, B- (0 -1 e-) no mass, -1 charge, high energy
▪ B+ (0 1 e-) positive e- is a positron, less common
▪ Gaa ‘as: lasers, tpiall / alpha or eta dea, o ass just high
energy
o Nuclear Fusion: 2 little nuclei combine to form a larger one
▪ Very high speeds to get them to react but produce more energy
▪ Reaction on stars
▪ H-Bomb → sall fissio reatio starts H fusio reatio
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