CHEM-C 118 Study Guide - Final Guide: Colligative Properties, Osmotic Pressure, Boiling Point
Lab Final Review
1. Graphing Techniques
• Titles: Ex) Pressure vs. temperature = Y vs. X
• Trendlines only for linear graphs
• Extrapolate trendline slightly beyond data
• Data only needed to be shown unless origin is needed
2. Crystalline Structure
• Crystalline structure: repeating, regular arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules
o Cubic lattice: all sides are equal & all angles are 90 degrees
• Primitive/Simple
o 1/8 of atom in each corner, 8 total corners
o 2r=l
• Face Center:
o 1/8 of atom in each corner + ½ on each of 6 face
o 4R = (Sqrt2)l
• Body Center: 1/8 in each corner + 1 atom in center
• 4r=(sqrt3)l
• Coordination #:
• % Volume Occupied:
• Density:
3. Colligative Properties:
• Colligative properties: solutions that are affected by presence of dissolved particles- vapor pressure,
freezing point, boiling point, osmotic pressure
o Due to physical presence of solute, not type of solute!
• Vapor pressure: solute particle gets i ay of solvent leaving solution, and lowers vapor pressure of
solution
o Requires higher temperature to get same vapor pressure of solution as pure solvent
• Boiling Point: more energy needed to cause same VP, temp will be higher
o Boiling is due to VP = ATM P
• Freezing point: solute particles in way, more energy needed to remove them from solution so freezing
point lowered
• Osmotic pressure: particles in way of osmosis so osmotic pressure increases
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