NURS 305 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Beta Blocker, Opioid Overdose, Atrial Tachycardia
Document Summary
The sympathetic nervous system (sns) excites fight or flight. The parasympathetic nervous system (pns) inhibits rest and digest. Major transmitters are acetylcholine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine. Cannot be taken orally (destroyed by first-pass effect), they are only given by iv. Beta 1 = renin is released to increase heart rate and force. Beta 2 = inhibits smooth muscle movement such as the uterus, arterioles dilate, bronchodilation, glycogenesis, vasodilation, contraction of urinary and gi sphincters, decreased secretion of insulin (asthma, preterm labor) Alpha 1 = contract muscles causes vasoconstriction, rise in bp, gi & bladder sphincter contraction, pupillary dilation, decrease nasal congestion (aka mydriasis) Alpha 2 = negative feedback, inhibiting nt release, less norepinephrine is released (an antiandrenergic effect) Reduction of sympathetic outflow to the heart and blood vessels. Dopamine = dilation of blood vessels around kidneys. Drugs that stimulate the sns: sympathomimetic, alpha & beta adrenergic agonists, adrenergic. Drugs that inhibit the pns: parasympatholytic, anticholinergic, cholinergic blockers.
