BIOL 1202 : Final
Document Summary
1 ventricle: reptiles have 3-chambered hearts with 2 atria and 2 ventricles but the ventricles are only partially separated, mammals and birds have 4-chambered hearts with 2 atria and 2 ventricles that are completely separated. Atrial and ventricular diastole: atrial and ventricle muscles are relaxed; blood is being drawn in through the veins. Atrial systole; ventricular diastole: atria are contracting; ventricles are relaxed. Pacemaker generates wave of signals to contract: 2. Signals are delayed at av node: 3. Release oxygen at tissues: leukocytes (wbcs) Endothelium of vessel is damaged, exposing connective tissue; platelets adhere: 2. Seal is reinforced by a clot of fibrin. Cells of respiratory surface are kept moist because they are always immersed in water: cons. Oxygen concentrations are low in water than in the atmosphere. By opening the mouth again, it allows the air to come out. 15% of the hemoglobin has oxygen bound to it: figure 42. 30, carbon dioxide transport, figure 42. 32, 1.
