BIOS 10161 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Coenzyme Q10, Cytochrome C, Phosphofructokinase
3 Sep 2016
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G: difference in free energy between reactants and products (calories or j) Releases energy spontaneous still must pass through higher energy transition state intermediates (lowered by heat, enzymes) Products have less energy; more stable; products energetically favourable. Anabolism: synthesis of complex molecules from simple. Endergonic reaction driven by energy from a recent exergonic reaction (i. e. hydrolysis of atp) Enzymes- active sites are specific & highly conserved. Catalysts that speed up rate of rxn without being altered. Substrate and active site: temporary covalent bonds, h bonds, dipoles, hydrophobic interactions, electric attractions. 3d shape specificity drug and insecticide design. Replacing the natural substrate eventually leads to some detrimental effect. Ex: anticancer drug, methotrexate used for chemotherapeutic target enzyme. Dhfr (dihydrofolate reductase)// reversible inhibition using structural analog. More mutations should provide a higher level of resistant but they found that only a few alleles are found in the natural insect population.
