NURSE-UN 240 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Obstructive Lung Disease, Tachycardia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
10 Nov 2018
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Copd: explain the risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and complications associated with copd. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) refers to chronic lung disorders that result in blocked air flow in the lungs. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis, the most common causes of respiratory failure. Damage from copd is usually permanent and not reversible. Chronic bronchitis: chronic inflammation of the bronchi and the bronchioles causing constriction, congestion, mucosal edema (mucus production). Emphysema: loss of lung elasticity and abnormal permanent enlargement of the air space distal to the terminal bronchioles. Essentially, both will lead to copd (i. e. an obstruction issue), but the way there is different. Consequences (due to increase in proteases): these will lead to the chronic obstruction issues. Nicotine acts as a stimulant to the cardiovascular and sympathetic nervous system resulting in: Risk factors: age, gender, occupational history, family history etc. Check activity tolerance and dyspnea, determine orthopnea. Unplanned weight loss: might not eat because getting enough oxygen becomes their main.
