CHEM 151 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: London Dispersion Force, Intermolecular Force, Chemical Polarity
24 Sep 2018
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Document Summary
Entropy- how random/disordered a system is; a greater measure of entropy means more disorganized; measured in j/k. Shielding effect- the decrease in the effect of the nuclear charge as electrons are in orbitals more distant from the nucleus. Dipole-dipole forces- the positively charged end of a polar molecule is attracted to the negatively charged end of another polar molecule; only affects polar molecules. Van der waals forces- the same thing as intermolecular forces. Intramolecular forces- forces that hold atoms together including all types of chemical bonds. Ion-dipole forces- the anion/cation is attracted to the slightly positive/negative side of a polar molecule. Electron affinity- the amount of energy spent or released when when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form a negatively charged ion. Nonpolar molecules- electrons are shared evenly between the atoms because there is not a substantial difference in their electronegativities.
