BIO 202 Study Guide - Final Guide: Tubulin, Photorespiration, Galactoside
30 Jul 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Chapter 2: chemical context of life: main atoms are hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen- about 96, humans make up 25 elements, covalent bonds are the strongest (around h2o) Ionic bonds are the strongest (not around h2o) Types of bonds (strength: nonpolar covalent bonds: electrons are shared equally. If acidic solution is added to a buffer, the buffer accepts electrons. If basic solution is added to a buffer, the buffer donates electrons. Increase the co2 in the atmosphere, increases the acid rain. Chapter 4: carbon and the molecular diversity: carbon has 4 valence electrons= lots of bonds with other molecules, h: 1 valence electron, o: 2 valence electrons, n: 3 valence electrons, c: 4 valence electrons. Isomers: compounds with the same molecular formula, but different structures and properties: structural isomers: have a different arrangement of atoms, cis-trans isomers: same/different side substitutes on double bond, enantiomers(optical): mirror images of each other; chiral.
