POL 327 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Gross Receipts Tax, Regressive Tax, Elite Theory
26 Feb 2017
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In pre-modern times, the various functions of cities: When the human race lived by hunting and gathering, large permanent settlements were not possible. Industrial revolution (1712) came with increased productivity (output per worker) and wealth. Stage 1: before industrialization begins, the population of society is relatively stable because of the limit established by the size of the food supply. Stage 2: as industrialization occurs, it raises productivity (output per worker) and along with it, living standards. There is a rapid growth in population and uncontrolled expansion because of an increase in food supply, better housing, drinking water, and improvements in medical care. People are healthier and better fed, so they are likely to be more fertile. Birth rates remain high, but death rates fell. Stage 3: (most nations are in this stage, like japan) there is stability in the population. To maintain a constant population, the average woman would have to have 2. 1 children, this is the replacement rate.
