[VTPB 405] - Final Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (26 pages long)
28 Nov 2016
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Applying knowledge to humans (medicine, agriculture, and other industry) Microorganisms are the oldest form of life, largest mass of living material on earth, live in places unsuitable for other organisms (extremophiles), and allow for other forms of life to survive successfully. Cytoplasmic membrane- barrier that separates the cell from the environment. Cytoplasm- aqueous mixture of macromolecules within the cell. Cell wall- hels with structural strength of the cell. Two types of cells: eukaryotic & prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotes (bacteria & archaea)- no organelles, no nucleus. Eukaryotes (protozoan to humans)- larger, more complex with membrane bound organelles. Genome - a cell"s full complement of genes. These plasmids have some special properties as well. Differentiation- synthesis of new substances that can modify the cell. Communication- generation of certain chemical responses to communicate with other cells. Evolution- genetic changes in cells that are transferred to offspring. Genetic exchange- exchange in genes can lead to antibiotic resistance.
