PSY 201 Study Guide - Spring 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Decision-Making, Self-Awareness, Psychology
PSY 201
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Jan 25
INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY
1. What is psychology?
a. The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
i. It was originally a philosophy and wasn't made into a psychology until
later
b. Bahavior
i. Overt
ii. Outside
iii. Observable actions like walking outside
c. Mental processes
i. Covert
ii. You can’t see
iii. Someone's emotional state
iv. Their feelings
2. What is the aim of psychology?
a. Describe
i. Naming it
ii. Classifying it
b. Understand or explain
i. Can you explain the causes of the behavior
ii. Why does it occur?
c. Predict
i. Forecast behavior accurately
d. Control
i. The ability to alter the conditions that create certain behavior
ii. Treatment or medication
3. History
a. Hippocrates
i. He believed that certain human moves or behaviors were caused by
humors
ii. He thought we could tell certain behaviors by blood, yellow bile, black bile,
and phlegm
iii. We know this is totally wrong
iv. If you took out blood and let it sit it would separate showing these
different colors
b. Aristotle and plato
i. Nature vs nurture
ii. nature
1. Biological processing
2. Traits or things you were born with
iii. Nurture
1. What effect does your bringing up have on you
2. Chemicals and drugs
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iv. John lock
1. Tabula rasa
2. Blank slate
v. Nativist
1. Genetics determine everything
vi. These are both proven to have effect on us
4. Studying nature vs nurture
a. Looking at twins brought up in two different homes
i. These twins were brought up in different homes
ii. They had identical benches they built
iii. They married the same named women
iv. Same named dog
v. Same job
b. This looks like it could be just genetics
c. But what other questions could we ask to solidify this?
i. How contrasting were the households they grew up in?
1. They were similar
ii. Were they brought up in the same region?
1. Both grew up in ohio
iii. How many other cases were like this?
1. There are none
d. What are the differences between them?
i. Maybe different hobbies
ii. Different personalities
iii. Etc
5. The mind/ body problem
a. Mind
i. Thoughts
ii. Emotions
b. Body
i. Physical entity
ii. Brain or heart
c. Dualism vs monism
d. Dualism
i. Mind exists separate from body
e. Monism
i. Mind and body are one
6. Science
a. Wilhelm wundt
i. Credited with making psychology independent of philosophy
ii. Set up first academic journal
iii. Made psychology a science
b. structuralism
i. Like blowing a fan on someone else and asking how it feels
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Introduction and history: the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It was originally a philosophy and wasn"t made into a psychology until later: bahavior, overt, outside, observable actions like walking outside, mental processes. Their feelings: what is the aim of psychology, describe, naming it. Can you explain the causes of the behavior: why does it occur, predict. The ability to alter the conditions that create certain behavior. Treatment or medication: history, hippocrates, he believed that certain human moves or behaviors were caused by humors, he thought we could tell certain behaviors by blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm, we know this is totally wrong. John lock: tabula rasa, blank slate, nativist, genetics determine everything. These are both proven to have effect on us: studying nature vs nurture, looking at twins brought up in two different homes. These twins were brought up in different homes. Etc: the mind/ body problem, mind, body.
