PSY 101 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Human Sexual Response Cycle, Binge Eating, Carroll Izard
13 Nov 2016
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Motivation - the energization and direction of behavior: instinct theory. Human motivation was biologically based in our instincts. Whole range of human behavior is instinctually based. Two problems: there became a long list of so called" instincts that prevented the theory from being parsimonious, based on tata-logical (circular) reasoning. Provides an insight in human behavior, but it did not give people an explanation of why: driver theory. Four basic human physiological drives (hunger, thirst, sex, avoidance of pain: motivates us in a cyclic fashion. Reduction of the tension causes humans to return to pre-aroused state. Work is an indirect drive because lack of doing this causes a lack of a direct drive. Provides no account of why people engage in behaviors that are: arousal theory arousing. Humans are primarily motivated to achieve and maintain a state of optimal arousal. People prefer activities that are optimally challenging for them: incentive theory.
