B STR 301 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Patellar Reflex, Dura Mater, Filum Terminale
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1. Describe the functions of the nervous system.
-Basic functions
-Control of skeletal muscle (motor)
-Detection of the senses
-Automatic reflexes
-Higher functions
-Cognition – thinking
-Emotions
-Consciousness
-Two principal cell types of the nervous system:
-Neurons: excitable cells that transmit electrical signals
Structural units of the nervous system
oComposed of a body, axon, and dendrites
oLong-lived, high metabolic rate
Plasma membrane functions in
oElectrical signaling
oCell-to-cell signaling during development
-Neuroglial: supporting cells
MORE NUMEROUS THAN NEURONS
Structural and protection
oProvide a supportive scaffolding for neurons
oSegregate and insulate neurons
oGuide young neurons to the proper connections
oPromote health and growth of neurons
Metabolic
oProduce cerebrospinal fluid
Recent evidence indicates some involvement in transmission of
impulses (like neurons)
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2. Describe the anatomical subdivisions and their functional
differences.
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3. Describe the basic structure of a neuron and some variation in
neuron structure.
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