[BIOL 200] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (25 pages long!)
14
BIOL 200 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
14 documents
Document Summary
Nucleic acids are made up of monomers called nucleotides. 3 components of a nucleotide: (1) a phosphate group (2) a ve-carbon sugar (3) a nitrogenous base. In ribonucleotides, the sugar is ribose; in deoxyribonucleotides, the sugar is deoxyribose. These two sugars differ by a single oxygen atom. Ribose has an oh group bonded to the 2" carbon. Deoxyribose has an h instead at the same location. In both of these sugars, an oh group is bonded to the 3" carbon. Nucleotides also differ in the type of nitrogenous base. These bases belong to structural groups called purines and pyrimidines. The purines are adenine (a) and guanine (g); the pyrimidines are cytosine (c), uracil (u), and thymine (t). The polymerization reaction involves the formation of a bond between a hydroxyl on the sugar component of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another. The result of this condensation reaction is called a phosphodiester linkage.
