INFO 380 Study Guide - Spring 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Systems Development Life Cycle, Database, Change Management
INFO 380
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
INFO 380 Lecture 1
Systems analysis and design – holistic approach to understanding the needs of a system
Tools , methodologies, techniques to solve problems
Project overview
- Learning management systems (LMS)
Organizations
- What is an organization?
o Mission
o Goals – goal to support its mission; gives a structure by which members can
understand mission
▪ Goals are measurable
o Structures
o Management
o Processes
o Activities
- Span of control – ensure that the right people are doing the right thing at the right time
- Organizational structures
o Mechanistic model
o Organic model
▪ More modern approach; people in different roles work together
- Types of organization – government, public, private, nonprofit, NGOs, etc.
System
- What is a system?
o Lots of things/entities working together
o Interconnected set of coherently organized elements that work together to a
achieve something
o Examples: Amazon, Sub Pop
- Business process – a set of activities that can deliver a product or service to a customer
- Information systems
o People, processes, and IT
o Resulting in collecting, processing, creating, storing, and distributing information
- Information systems architecture
o Enterprise systems
▪ Systems used by companies to facilitate core business processes
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
▪ Integral to running business activities, including supply chain
management, resource planning, customer management + sales,
communication + collaboration, portfolio management
▪ Example: Oracle, SAP, salesforce, IBM
o Business intelligence systems
▪ Applications, infrastructure tools, and best practices enabling access and
analysis of information to improve decisions and performance
▪ Example: Tableau, Oracle, Microsoft, SAP
o Collaboration systems
▪ Enables people to work together with peers and business partners
▪ Share information
▪ Knowledge management systems
▪ Examples: Outlook, Facebook, Slack, Outlook, Skype
- Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) – process to implement information systems
o Plan → analysis → design → implement → maintain & support
o Adapt life cycle for specific projects
o Is generally iterative
Systemic thinking
- Events: what happened?
- Patterns/trends: trends over time?
- Underlying structures: What influenced those patterns
- Mental models: What assumptions, beliefs, and values do people hold about the
system? What beliefs keep the system in place?
o Not based on fact
o Have an existing mental model about system
- Systems are becoming more complex + interconnected
- People have existing expectations/mental models of systems
The Bullwhip effect – inability to respond to spikes in demand, resulting in large fluctuations
- Causes
o Lack of information
o Supply chain structure
o Lack of collaboration
- Implications
o Think of big picture; be empathetic of people in other roles
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Systems analysis and design holistic approach to understanding the needs of a system. What is an organization: mission, goals goal to support its mission; gives a structure by which members can understand mission, goals are measurable, structures, management, processes, activities. Span of control ensure that the right people are doing the right thing at the right time. Organizational structures: mechanistic model, organic model, more modern approach; people in different roles work together. Types of organization government, public, private, nonprofit, ngos, etc. What is a system: lots of things/entities working together. Interconnected set of coherently organized elements that work together to a achieve something: examples: amazon, sub pop. Business process a set of activities that can deliver a product or service to a customer. Information systems: people, processes, and it, resulting in collecting, processing, creating, storing, and distributing information. Information systems architecture: enterprise systems, systems used by companies to facilitate core business processes.
