BIO SCI 98 Study Guide - Comprehensive Final Exam Guide - Dna, Messenger Rna, Protein
20 Nov 2018
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Replication = dna transcription = rna translation = protein. Humans: 50 x 1012 cells, each with the same 30,000 genes. Our proteins are 99% similar to chimpanzee proteins. The process by which genetic information represented by a sequence of dna nucleotides is copied into newly synthesized molecules of rna, with the dna serving as a template. Both strands of dna are copied (complementary sequences) All dna is copied (the entire genome) Primer needed for dna polymerase to synthesize complementary strand 5" 3" Selective stretches of dna are copied into. Only one strand of dna is used as a template. Rna polymerases do not require a primer for complementary rna synthesis. Template is copied 3" 5" to make 5" 3" We will focus mainly on mrna transcription (directs protein synthesis) The inherent chemical properties of the nucleotide bases and of the sugar backbone are key to the specific functions of dna (long-lived, stable) and rna (short-lived, labile)
