HUN 3011 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Glycemic Load, Lactose Intolerance, Dietary Fiber
Document Summary
Carbohydrates: organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen: these compounds consist of simple carbohydrates, such as glucose and sucrose, and complex carbohydrates, which include starch and dietary fiber. Carbohydrates provide energy, fiber, and naturally occurring sweeteners (sucrose and fructose) Lactase deficiency may have a primary or secondary cause. Primary lactose intolerance is caused by a genetic factor that limits the ability to produce lactase. Glycogen: carbohydrate energy stored in the liver and in muscles. Insulin: a hormone produced by the beta cells of the islets of langerhans, lowers, blood, glucose levels by enhancing the conversion of excess glucose to glycogen through glycogenesis or to fat stored in adipose tissue. Glycemic index: the ranking of foods according to the level to which a food raises blood glucose levels compared with a reference food such as a 50g glucose load or white bread containing 50g carbohydrate. Glycemic load: considers the total glycemic index effect of a mixed meal or dietary plan.
