BIOL 1107 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Oxygen, Glucose, Enzyme
Document Summary
Sickle cell anemia: hemoglobin molecule is completely saturdated when 4 oxygen molecules are attatched, a single red blood cell in normal state of shape can hold 4 million o molecuels at one time. Internally there is no difference between a bone cell, cartilage cell etc: bone simply does something different on the outside, lipid micelles form a circle, lipid bilayers form two rows with tails facing in, ecm (extra cellular matrix) Lead to production of atp: glycosis, pyruvate processing, the citric acid cycle, electron and chemiosmosis. Atp (adenosine triphosphate) is the cellular currency for energy, it provides the fuel for most cellular activities. Atp has high potential energy and allows cells to do work. Atp works by phosphorylating (transferring a phosphate group) target molecules. You can make 4 atp molecules for every molecule of glucose. For every four you make in glycolysis you have to invest two.
