BICD 100 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Cell Biology, Hemoglobin, Mutation
17 Oct 2016
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Genetics: the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics in populations: modern biology: the modern synthesis (1936-1947) Brought together genetics, evolution, and molecular cell biology. Pointless to study cell biology without the context of evolution. Different individuals of a species have the same genes, but may have different alleles. Gene: segment of dna that code for something; code for information the cell can use. Make proteins that interact with each other for different functions. Ex: gene for hemoglobin has nucleotide sequence and amino acids that correspond with the nucleotides. If mutation occurs, changing one amino acid, sickle cell anemia allele forms, which misshapes polypeptide, and they bond differently to form sickle red blood cells that form long inflexible chains. Population: localized group of individuals capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring; smallest unit of evolution species in different populations could potentially interbreed, but highly unlikely because of rare chance of migration.
