HILD 2A-B-C- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 97 pages long!)

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Contrasts in motivation, methods, and trajectory between portuguese and spanish exploration. Primary sources: key differences between the ideas / arguments of las casas and. Zheng he and china"s age of exploration (1405-1433) Much larger navy fleet (built for internal trading along the coast and rivers - shallow waters) Routes on the east side were already known unlike the west side. Attempt to reconquer states lost (iberian peninsula) to muslim armies by. Need new innovations to be able to voyage across the ocean. Lateen sail: triangular sail to help direct ship back in a zig-zag fashion. Star charts: tell how far north / south you are. Means the world is round because stars and constellations change (astrolabe helped with this knowledge because it helps with navigation) Need sturdy ships with mixed sails to be able to survive the high seas for months on end. Conducting trade with west africa and the trade of west africa people (transatlantic slave trade)