NSCI426 Study Guide - Spring 2019, Comprehensive Final Exam Notes - Spinal Cord, Brainstem, Cerebral Cortex
8 May 2019
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Important for regeneration of injured axons: covers one axon at a time, help ensure severed axons regrow to their target, nourishes nerve fibers, covers axons in myelin. Increases conduction velocity: can serve several axons, produce ca+ waves for communication, provide structural support, autism: involved with faulty pruning, for nerve cells, provides neurons with nutrients, synaptic pruning, helps form blood-brain barrier. More intense stimulus-results in a larger number of action potentials fired in the relevant neurons. Lecture 2: introduction to the nervous system and glial cells: general functions of the brain. Involves patches of demyelination in cns coordination: wide variety of symptoms, onset around ages 20-40, symptoms may wax and wane in some people. Schwann cells-similar to oligodendrocytes, except: peripheral, not central, do not cover multiple neurons with myelin. Microglia-sensors for pathological events in the cns (bacteria) Involved in cns inflammation and repair of injury; release cytokines (immune system molecules: can be in a resting (ramified) state or activated/reactive state.
