APK 2100C Midterm: Exam 3 Study Guide
5 Dec 2016
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Oblique position apex lies left to midline and anterior to rest of heart. In mediastinum (region between lungs/pleural sacs: superior right. Costal cartilage of 3rd rib joining sternum: superior left. Extends inferiorly from midpoint of left clavicle. Pericardium (cid:862)arou(cid:374)d the heart(cid:863: fibrous pericardium = outer layer. Superiorly, fused to roots of great vessels that leave/enter heart. Tough outer coat that holds heart in place and keeps it from overflowing c blood: serous pericardium. Closed sac sandwiched between fibrous pericardium and heart. Inner layer = visceral layer = epicardium: pericardial cavity. Reduces friction between beating heart and outer wall of pericardial sac. Epicardium (cid:862)upo(cid:374) the heart(cid:863) visceral layer of pericardium: contains fat (especially in older people) Myocardium (cid:862)mus(cid:272)le heart(cid:863: forms bulk of heart, cardiac muscle tissue actual layer that contracts, contain bundles that squeeze blood thru heart in proper directions. Endocardium (cid:862)i(cid:374)side the heart(cid:863: simple squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of ct, lines heart chambers/covers heart valves.
