[BIOCHEM 523] - Midterm Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (11 pages long)
7 Feb 2017
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Protein function & evolution as exemplified by the globin family of proteins: both myoglobin and hemoglobin bind oxygen; however, hemoglobin but not myoglobin binds oxygen cooperatively and is subject to allosteric control. How are cooperativity and allostery manifested in o2 binding to hemoglobin: the genes that encode for proteins are subject to various kinds of mutations. Silent (synonymous) mutations give no observable phenotype, but missense (nonsynonymous), nonsense, and frameshift mutations often do. Mixed inhibition: enzymes can be regulated by allosteric effectors and/or by covalent modification, and covalent modification can be either reversible or permanent. Membrane transport: based on the structure of molecules, be able to order them by their increasing permeability to lipid bilayers, classification of transporters. Is pyruvate being oxidized or reduced: facultative anaerobes are organisms that can exist under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. They can alter their metabolism to adapt to the presence or absence of oxygen.
