CHEN 3701 Study Guide - Final Guide: Bile Acid, Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate, Nitrogenous Base
27 Dec 2015
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Cell: most cited def = fundamental unit of life. Features of organism: energy utilization, organized complexity, reproduction (reproductive info passed on), respond to environment, growth and development. Energy used for: synthesis of macromolecules (dna, rna, proteins, polysaccharides, lipids), synthesis of other compounds, movement (muscle contraction, cellular locomotion), transport molecules against concentration gradient (not passive diffusion), generate electric potential across membrane, generate heat. Dna, ribosomes (site of protein synthesis), mrna and trna, proteins for enzymes, organic compounds, ions. Composition of the cell (% of dry mass) But most cells are 80% water so lot of h and o. Reproduction: cell cycle; m-phase (mitosis = nuclear division & cytokinesis), offshoot arrow for new daughter cell; s phase = dna replication. Amino acid, nucleotide, monosaccharide = monomer; polypeptide, nucleic acid, polysaccharide = polymer. Carbohydrate purposes: energy, structure, signaling monosaccharide general form of (ch2o)n>=3 w/ aldehyde (aldose) or ketone (ketose) (structural isomers: same chemical composition, different structure) stereoisomers = mirror images (l and d)
