HIS 315K Study Guide - Spring 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Province Of Georgia, Kingdom Of England, Puritans
HIS 315K
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
EARLY AMERICA
HIS315K
Topic
Notes
Ice Age Indians
(Paleolithic)
• Came to the America by way of the Beringia ice cap, from Serbia
into Alaska
• Then moving through the west coast and south into central America
• 10.000 bce Beringia melted, and made a gap in the Rockies allowing
for travel east into the plains and further
• Melting of the Ice Age meant new flora and fauna for exploration and
use.
Neolithic Era
• "History can be divided to everything before and everything after the
Neolithic Revolution."
• When early people transitioned from being solely hunters and
gatherers to farming and domesticating animals for use.
• First sites of the Revolution:
• Fertile Crescent in Mesopotamia (8-9,000 ce)
• Central America (9-10,000 ce)
• Opened up the opportunities for settlements instead of just nomadic
life, CREATING COMMUNITIES
• This forced a need for more structure and development of
society/culture
• Foundations of early religion, government, cultural traditions
Marco Polo
• Italian Explorer who travelled throughout Asia to be one of the first
travelers of the Silk Road in China
• Brought new goods and luxury items back with him to Europe, thus
creating a demand for these novelties
• The Bubonic plague had decimated Europe, and the regrowth of
population and economics was returning
European
Monarchies
• Began stabilizing by the early 1500s, allowing for better trade and
collaboration between city states
• This time of stability and prosperity encouraged exploration,
advancements in scholarship and skills, thus bringing about the
RENAISSANCE
Exploration
• Initially taken on by the Chinese, though that virtually ceased by the
end of the 1400s
• European countries took over exploration, looking for a sea-bound
passage from east to west
• Believed if they sailed west, they would eventually circle around the
globe to the eastern coast of China
• Had developed the sextant and the astrolabe that would help
navigation during expeditions
Spanish Attitudes of
Exploration
• 15th Century Europe --> Spain was known as the Ruler of the Holy
Roman Empire with King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
• Spanish Inquisition: Forcible conversion of Muslims, Jews, etc. to
Roman Catholicism
• Had the same behavior about exploration as with the Inquisition:
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EARLY AMERICA
HIS315K
• Aggressive, forcible, cruel, taking whatever they wanted
• Nicknamed the "Black Legend of Spanish Cruelty"
Christopher
Columbus and
Others
• Found America thinking it was India
• Went on 4 total voyages
• Brought back gold for the royals who sent him back with
Conquistadors
• Meant to bring back more new tradable goods and precious
metals and to "Convert the Heathens"
• CONVERT OR DIE (Christian jihadists)
• Conquered the Aztec empire
• Piazzo took his men further south and conquered the Inca Empire
and Cuzco
• Fernando Desoto travels to North America through Florida to
continue the conquering
• Brought and introduced horses and other technologies to the
Southeast
• Ultimately failed and retreated, leaving most of the South
Eastern Indian tribes in tact
• More went to the South West and conquered the tribes there, adding
to the NEW SPAIN
The French
• Trying to gain some leverage against Spain, the French began to find
some land away from Spanish land.
• They went North and found Nova Scotia, Acadia, more of what is
now Canada
• Learned to trade with Indians for the furs of northern animals
• Causes settlement for a French fur trade
• Better relations with the natives, with alliances and bartering systems
• The Jesuit culture of the French still wanted to convert the Indians to
Christianity through discussion and assimilation.
• More of a mixture of Christianity and Native American religion
• Not a whole lot of French people actually settled in America, but they
did explore a good deal
• La Salle explored the Mississippi River and claimed
surrounding land, all the way down to Louisiana, MAKING
THE NEW FRANCE
Dutch
• Hire Englishman Henry Hudson to explore
• Lands at what is now Hudson bay and founds New Amsterdam
on what is now Manhattan
• Came to trade not to settle, so there was no major issue for them
in regards to the natives
• Eventually taken over by the English
The Pueblo Revolt
1680. Pueblo Indians revolted against the Spanish settlers in
what is now New Mexico led by Popè
1. Successfully drove out the Spanish for 12 years until
reconquered in 1692
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Document Summary
"history can be divided to everything before and everything after the. Italian explorer who travelled throughout asia to be one of the first travelers of the silk road in china. Exploration: 15th century europe --> spain was known as the ruler of the holy. Roman empire with king ferdinand and queen isabella: spanish inquisition: forcible conversion of muslims, jews, etc. to. Roman catholicism: had the same behavior about exploration as with the inquisition: Others: aggressive, forcible, cruel, taking whatever they wanted, nicknamed the "black legend of spanish cruelty, found america thinking it was india, went on 4 total voyages, brought back gold for the royals who sent him back with. Southeast: ultimately failed and retreated, leaving most of the south. Eastern indian tribes in tact: more went to the south west and conquered the tribes there, adding to the new spain.
