BIOL 150 Study Guide - Final Guide: Telophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase
Document Summary
Cell division: reproductive signal (initiates cell division, replication of genetic material (dna, segregation of 2 dna molecules to separate parts of the cell, cytokinesis (division of cytoplasm) Gametes contain only one set of chromosomes: haploid: number of chromosomes = n, fertilization: two haploid gametes (female egg and male sperm) fuse to form a diploid zygote; chromosome number = 2n. Reproduction: asexual: mitotic division of the nucleus, results in clones, sexual: meiosis, offspring are not identical to parents. Prokaryotes dna is a single molecule (chromosome), reproduce by binary fission (results in 2 cells) Eukaryotes nuclei divide by mitosis or meiosis. Interphase prophase prometaphase metaphase anaphase . S phase: dna replicates, one chromosome (similar) because 2 chromatids (exactly the same) G1 phase: gap between the end of mitosis and s phase. G2 phase: gap where cells prepare for mitosis: dna (in chromatin) is wound around histone proteins to form nucleosomes. The cohesion is removed in mitosis except at the centromere region.