BIOLOGY 2D03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 44: Osteoarthritis, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, Perfusion
12 Sep 2017
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A hypercoagulable state predisposes you to peripheral arterial disease. Group i (reduced anticoagulants: antithrombin, protein c, protein s, group ii (increased coagulants, factor v leiden, prothrombin, factor viii, hyper-homocysteinemia. Acquired: immobility, cancer, pregnancy, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, inflammatory disorders, myeloproliferative disorders, nephrotic syndrome, dic, heparin induced thrombocytopenia (hit) Identify wall motion abnormalities, intracardiac thrombus, valvular disease, aortic dissection (type a: ultrasound duplex with doppler, ct angiogram, underlying atherosclerosis, aneurysm, aortic dissection. Embolus: acute, prominent loss of function, no history of claudication, no atrophic changes, contralateral limb pulses are classically normal. Thrombus: progressive onset, less profound loss of function due to underlying collateral supply, maybe claudication, maybe atrophic changes, decreased or absent contralateral limb pulses. Two complications of acute arterial occlusion/insufficiency in the lower limbs: compartment syndrome with prolonged ischemia - requiring fasciotomy, renal failure and multi-organ failure due to toxic metabolities from ischemic muscle (also known as myoglobinuria due to rhabdomyolysis)
