LIFESCI 2N03 Chapter Module 2: Module 2 Notes
19 Sep 2018
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Document Summary
Glucose and fructose, 2 of the sweetest monosaccharides, participate in cell metabolism. Galactose is converted to glucose by the liver. Tagatose is an isomer of fructose, and is 90% sweeter than sucrose. Hydrolysis reaction during digestion breaks apart disaccharides. Maltose is produced when starch breaks down. Table sugar is sucrose that has been refined and granulated from sugarcane. Glycogen is the storage form of glucose. It is made of many glucose molecules, and is found in the liver and muscle. Amylose is a starch found in plants (rice, wheat, barley, legumes and potatoes) and is made of many glucose molecules. Cellulose is an example of dietary fiber, which is the structural component of plant cell walls. Cellulose is also made of many glucose molecules, but unlike starch, the glucose chains can"t be broken by enzymes. In the mouth: saliva contains enzymes such as amylase, which break apart amylose starch molecules. In the stomach: hydrochloric acid (hcl) inactivates amylase.
