PHL 214 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Mathematical Logic, Truth Table, Deductive Reasoning
2 Jan 2018
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Document Summary
Proposition logic - (truth-functional logic) the branch of deductive reasoning that deals with the logical relationships among entire statements. Symbols used to express an argument: variables - used to represent propositions i. e. if p then q, symbols - for the logical connectives that indicate relationships between statements, & = and, v = or, ~ = not. Simple statement - on that doesn"t contain any other statements as constituents. Compound statement - composed of at least two simple statements. Statements have truth values, questions and exclamations do not. Conjunction - two simple statements joined by a connective to form a compound statement: each component of the statement is a conjunct false if at least one of its statements is false. Truth table - graphic way of displaying all the possibilities: determine validity of an argument, goes through every combination of truth values of each combination.
