BIOL 120 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Mendelian Inheritance, Protein Structure, Eukaryote
Document Summary
Genetic recombination: the process by which the combinations of alleles for different genes in two parental individuals become shuffled into new combinations in offspring individuals. Haploid cells fuse during sexual reproduction to form a diploid zygote. Meiosis: the division of diploid cells to haploid progeny, consisting of two sequential rounds of nuclear and cellular division; one replication of cellular dna but two divisions. Sexual reproduction: the mode of reproduction in which male and female parents produce offspring through the union of egg and sperm generated by meiosis. Fertilization: the fusion of the nuclei of an egg and sperm cell, which initiates development of a new individual. Haploid: an organism or cell with only one copy of each type of chromosome in its nuclei. Diploid: an organism or cell with two copies of each type of chromosome in its nucleus. Maternal vs. paternal chromosomes: maternal chromosome is the chromosome derived from the female parent of an organism.