KIN217 Chapter Notes - Chapter 16: Norton Villiers Triumph, Phosphoglucomutase, Blood Sugar
15 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Glucose is the only fuel brain uses under non-starvation conditions; only fuel rbcs can use at all. Possible reasons for using glucose as a fuel. One of several monosaccharides formed from formaldehyde under prebiotic conditions, so it may have been a fuel source for primitive biochemical systems. Most stable hexose b/c hydroxyl groups and hydroxymethyl group are all in the axial position, minimizing steric clashes. Strong tendency to exist in ring structure, thus little tendency to modify proteins. In open-chain forms, monosaccharides contain carbonyl groups that covalently modify amino groups of proteins. Pathway is common to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Glucose is converted into 2 pyruvate, generating 2 atp. Glucose converted to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate in 3 steps: Strategy is to trap glucose in the cell and form a compound that can be readily cleaved into phosphorylated 3-c units. Completed w/ cleavage of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate into 2 3-c fragments that are readily interconvertible.
