PSYC 217 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Eye Tracking, Cortisol, Observer-Expectancy Effect
Document Summary
Considerations when measuring variables (iv) strength of manipulation. Importance of order: presenting the most important measure first, counterbalancing the order of measures. Types of measures: surveys & questionnaires that measure aspects of human thought & behavior, e. g. personality, preferences, mood. Behavioral measures: direct observation of behaviors, e. g. self-control, memory, attention, examples: timer, video recorder, eye tracker, writing sample. Ethical considerations: sometimes studies must be correlational due to ethical reasons, e. g. studying child maltreatment. Demand characteristics: features that may inform participants of the purpose of the study, hawthorne effect: unintentional change in behavior in response to being observed, evaluation apprehension: intentionally behaving in a way to help/hurt hypothesis. Placebo effect: hard to tell if participants get better because of the drug or placebo effect. Avoiding placebo effect: creating a placebo group so that all participants think they"ve been given drug, if both groups improve, the improvement is a placebo effect, waitlist control condition: giving control participants treatment after study.
