PHA 3112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 94: Reverse Transcriptase, Immunodeficiency, Intracellular Parasite
10 Dec 2016
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Chapter 94: antiviral agents ii: drugs for hiv infection. Human immunodeficiency virus (hiv): microbe causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) Hiv cause immunodeficiency by killing cd4 t lymphocytes (cd4 t cells) essential for immune system. Immune system decline increasing risk of opportunist infection major cause of death w/ aids. Aids occurs years after hiv infection acquired. Aids: individual is hiv positive & has either 1) cd4 t-cell counts >200 cells/ml or 2) an aids-defining illness : pneumocystis pneumonia, tuberculosis, cytomegalovirus retinitis, kaposi"s sarcoma, disseminated histoplasmosis. Antiretroviral therapy (art/haart): decrease plasma hiv to undetectable levels w/ current technology : delay/reverse immune function loss, decrease some aids-related complications, preserve health & 4. Macrophages & microglial cells serve as reservoir of hiv during chronic infection. Arts expensive, complex, pose long-term side effects, serious drug interactions, & must continue lifelong. Hiv is a retrovirus obligate intracellular parasites; (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t self-replicate; single-stranded rna as genetic material. 3 viral enzymes: integrase, reverse transcriptase, & protease.
