PHI 2396 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Immanuel Kant, Casuistry, Categorical Imperative
10 Jan 2018
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A moral theory explains why and act is right or wrong not why an event causes another. Moral theorizing is pervasive in everyday life used in justi cation of actions?) When focus on right and wrong actions these are known as theories of obligation or theories of right action. It would be an oversimpli cation to issue that moral theories are the dominant force in all moral reasoning. They must be relevant, applied to real life, capture general norms, ect. If our judgements clash with our theories we must decide what we revise or discard. Utilitarianism is the view that right actions are those that result in the most bene cial balance of good over bad consequences. It should maximize the nonmoral good (utility) of everyone affected regardless of moral rules and principals. Formerly act-utilitarianism - rightness depends solely on the relative good of individual actions.
