Chapter all: Cell Chemistry
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The type of macromolecule found in highest concentration on a weight basis in a HeLa cell is
protein. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lipid. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
polysaccharide. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
nucleic acid. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
water Co and Zn ions are required by humans in
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Which of the following statements about water is not true?
Water will hydrogen bond into highly ordered structures or "cages" around non-polar molecules. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Water is a key player in the energetics of the hydrophobic effect. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In an ice crystal water molecules pack into open lattices consisting of five-membered oxygen rings. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
At 25 degrees celsius liquid water is about 85% as hydrogen bonded as the water in ice, with each molecule in an average of 3.4 hydrogen bonds. Which of the following is the strongest?
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Fill in the following chart with the appropriate subatomic particle and state whether each is located in the nucleus of the orbital
Particle | Charge | Location (Nucleus or Orbital) |
Positive (+) | ||
Negative (-) | ||
Neutral Charge |
Fill in the following chart using the lowercase letter of the statements below. Please be aware that some letters should be used more than once because they are true for more than one type of bond.
Covalent Bonds | Ionic Bonds | Hydrogen Bonds |
Electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom
Valance electrons are shared between atoms
Involves positive and negative ions
A weak bond between 2 or more polar molecules
A bond between 2 or more atoms
The type of bond used to make NaCl (table salt)
The type of bond used to make CH4 (Methane)
What does it mean when a molecule is described as âpolar?â Be detailed in your answer.
State and explain two reasons that water molecules are essential to life because of their hydrogen bonds.
Fill in the chart with the missing information about macromolecules
Macromolecule | Dietary source | Function | Example | Defining Characteristics |
Carbohydrate | Cellulose and glucose | |||
Lipid | Fats, Oils | |||
Protein | ||||
Nucleic Acid | Sardines, beans, spinach | Made of nucleotides (contain a base, sugar and phosphate) |
Movement of vesicles within the cell depends on what cellular structures?
centrioles and motor proteins |
microtubules and motor proteins |
actin filaments and motor proteins |
actin filaments and microtubules |
actin filaments and ribosomes |
Why is water considered a polar molecule?
The negatively charged oxygen atom attracts the positively charged hydrogen atoms. |
The oxygen is found between the two hydrogens. |
It remains liquid even at very low temperatures. |
Both hydrogens are at one end of the molecule, and oxygen is at the other end. |
Its electrons spend more time with its oxygen than with either hydrogen. |
Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotes have cells while eukaryotes do not. |
Eukaryotic cells have more intracellular organelles than prokaryotes. |
Prokaryotes are generally larger than eukaryotes. |
Prokaryotes are not able to carry out aerobic respiration, relying instead on anaerobic metabolism. |
Which of the following is not a necessary component of life?
needs energy |
uses DNA for heredity |
breathes oxygen |
irritability |
depends on other living forms |
Lipids _____.
contain less energy than proteins and carbohydrates |
are made by dehydration reactions |
are insoluble in water |
contain sulfur polymers |
are made from glycerol, fatty acids, and nitrogen |
What is biology?
the study of life |
the study of genetics |
the study of biomes |
the study of the environment |
the naming and classifying of species |
_____ is an example of an element.
Methane |
Water |
Carbon |
Salt |
Glucose |
With what are saturated fats saturated?
carbon |
nitrogen |
hydrogen |
phosphorus |
oxygen |
Beryllium's atomic mass is 9, and its atomic number is 4. How many neutrons are found in a beryllium atom?
2 |
5 |
13 |
9 |
4 |