Biochemistry 2280A Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Reduction Potential, Cytochrome, Porphyrin
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24 Apr 2018
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Electron transport drives the synthesis of the majority of atp in most. Energy generation in mitochondria and chloroplasts: in photosynthesis, which occurs in chloroplasts, an electron- transport system uses energy derived from the sun to generate a proton gradient across a membrane. In both cases, this proton gradient is then used to drive atp synthesis. Cells obtain most of their energy by a membrane-based mechanism: the generation of atp by oxidative phosphorylation differs from the way atp is produced during glycolysis, in that it requires a membrane. This membrane-based process for making atp consists of two linked stages: one sets up an electrochemical proton gradient, the other uses that gradient to generate atp. In stage 1, high-energy electrons derived from the oxidation of food molecules or from sunlight are transferred along a series of electron carriers called an electron-transport chain embedded in the membrane.