Biology 2581B Chapter Notes - Chapter 22.1: Cellular Differentiation, Cell Potency, Phloem
19 Mar 2020
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The single-celled zygote undergoes repeated cell divisions, eventually producing millions/trillions of cells making up the adult organism. Initially, each cell in the early embryo is totipotent has the potential to develop into any cell type. Many plant and fungi cells remain totipotent, but animal cells usually commit to being a certain cell type after just a few early embryonic divisions. The commitment comes before the cell begins to exhibit the characteristics of the particular cell type. Cell become committed by a process called determination. Technologies such as dna sequencing have provided information about the nature and organization of dna sequences that control developmental processes, as well as other insights. Experiments were done to consider the possibilities. Frederick steward developed a method for cloning plants: Animal cells also retain a complete set of genetic information during development. Robert briggs and thomas king removed the nuclei from unfertilized oocytes of a frog.
